Java Frameworks and tools Interview Questions

Java has been one of the most popular programming languages for years. Java has object-oriented features along with primitive data types. Java was originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems and released in 1995 and initially named as 'Oak'. It formed the core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform. Java codes achieve platform independence by compiling its codes into bytecodes with the help of Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Java is widely used in Java is used in almost every kind of application like Mobile Applications, desktop applications, web applications, and many more. The most popular Android is based on Java.

Vaadin is a platform for web application development. It is an open-source platform widely used by developers. It is built on Google Web Toolkit (GWT) and uses JavaScript in the browser to communicate with various components on the server. The Vaadin Platform is made of

• a set of web components
• a Java web framework
• a set of tools and application starters.

The Vaadin Platform, previously Vaadin Framework, allows the developers to implement HTML5 web user interfaces along with Java Programming Language for the back-end. Vaadin provides numerous of out-of-the-box components. Other than that, Vaadin lets the developers create client-side widgets, which are compiled by the Vaadin Client Compiler to accommodate high customization.

Scala stands for Scalable language and is a combination of object-oriented and functional programming and thereby a high-level and multi-paradigm language. It was designed by Martin Odersky, professor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland and was published in 2004. Scala's avoids bugs in various complex applications with the help of its static types. It does not support any type of primitive data and deals only with objects. Scala integrates with JVM and JavaScript runtimes which allow developers to build high-performance systems. Scala also gives easy access to huge ecosystems of libraries. The high scalability of Scala has attracted popular companies like Apple, Twitter, Walmart, and Google.

Maven is a build software project management and comprehension tool used primarily for Java projects but can be extended to manage projects in C#, Ruby, Scala, and many other languages. Maven was created by Jason van Zyl and came up as a subproject of Apache Turbine in 2002. The Maven project is now hosted by the Apache Software Foundation. It mainly highlights the two aspects of building software successfully-

• how software is built
• dependencies of the software.

Maven is based on a plugin-based architecture. Thus it can use any application controllable through standard input. Maven is also interoperable with a wide range of IDE.

Apache Groovy is a powerful object-oriented programming language for the Java platform. Groovy can act as both a programming language and a scripting language. It is smoothly interoperable with various Java code and libraries. Groovy has easy to learn syntaxes and focuses on improving the productivity of the developers The codes in groovy are compiled by Java Virtual Machine into bytecodes and hence are platform-independent. It acts as static as well as a dynamic language. Python, Ruby, and Smalltalk have deeply influenced the development of Groovy. Groovy also provides support for various markup languages like XML and HTML. Groovy 2.5.8 is the latest stable version available now.

Spring Boot is an open-source Java-based framework developed by Pivotal. It is widely used for developing scalable applications. It is used to create a micro Service and build stand-alone, production-ready spring applications. With the help of Micro Service Spring Boot allows the developers to develop and deploy services independent of each other. Spring Boot aims to reduce the development time considerably and run the applications built independently. It has gained popularity owing to its flexible way to configure Java Beans, Database Transactions, and XML configurations. The exclusive dependency management and auto-configuring capability of Spring Boot give the developers an added advantage.